Halfrid ® kubos Application Instructions for the Treatment of Petroleum and its Derivatives

The present Application Instructions are developed for the use of Halfrid®kubos quantum fuel activator to treat still bottoms after petroleum refining, fuel oil and petroleum high in paraffins for cost saving in transit.

1. Group.

As for the method of application Halfrid®kubos belongs to the group of additives to still bottoms, petroleum and fuel oil.

2. Composition and Operating Principle.

Halfrid®kubos is a stabilized solution of specific organic substance in the mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons with boiling limits from 190 to 310 °С. In appearance Halfrid®kubos resembles hydrocarbon fuel with slight characteristic odor.

When quantum activator is blended with petroleum and its derivatives in strictly defined range of concentrations Halfrid®kubos active centers self‐organizing occurs, which results in the physical change of still bottoms, fuel oil and petroleum high in paraffins. In particular, activated still bottoms and petroleum have lower viscosity* in comparison with standard still bottoms and non‐activated petroleum.

Halfrid®kubos operating principle is based on the effect of quantum polyresonance activation (QPRA), which results in rearrangement of hydrogen energetic bonds in the molecules of paraffins. In the course of the post heating of activated petroleum products up to 80‐85oC the excited paraffin bonds break in the form of an avalanche and the viscosity of still bottoms and fuel oil, as well as the temperature of their freezing, decreases dramatically.

If there are any sulfides in petroleum quantum polyresonance activation results in the excitation of sulphur molecular bonds, excites the molecules of sulfides in such a way that excited sulphur leaves these compound and passes into the phase of elemental sulfur.

3. Effects

- bottoms viscosity reduction;

- bottoms sludging reduction (dispersive characteristics).

4. Method of Application and Dosage

Bottoms activation is performed through adding activator to bottoms at the rate of 50 ml of Halfried®kubos per 1 m3 bottoms. Halfried®kubos dosage error should be no more than 10%. Bottoms activation can be performed by two different methods: batch method and continuous method. The batch method of activator use is practiced when there are tanks and reservoirs present for bottoms collection, storage and transportation. In this case activator quantity is estimated on the basis of bottoms volume found in the reservoir. When a new portion of bottoms is received an additional quantity of Halfried®kubos is added to the tank at the rate of the new bottoms portion volume. The continuous method of Halfried®kubos use is universal. It is used for activation directly into bottoms supply systems or recirculation tank. Applying this method it is necessary to use batchmeters which are set directly in the bottoms supply systems. Halfried®kubos dosage is performed in proportion with bottoms consumption.

 Halfrid®kubos Dosage.

Note

When it is impossible to define the exact bottoms volume in the system before the first activation (for example, because of the insufficiency of data in the fuel pump ratings, the tankage data or impossibility to measure the length of the pipelines), Halfried®kubos standard volume can be defined during the first activation using the values of approximate bottoms volume in the system. In this very case and under the condition of the fuel volume misidentification due to any other reasons, the declared effects of Halfried ®kubos use shall appear during the next activation of bottoms.

In the course of the first activation the total bottoms volume in the system should be calculated, including the non‐ taking tankage, volume of the pipelines, pumps and filters.

In order to avoid the additional errors it’s recommended to use measuring tanks with not less than 2nd accuracy class for Halfried®kubos dosage.

5. Safety Precautions

The safety precautions of Halfried®kubos use are the same as for the hydrocarbon fuel. Detailed safety instructions are presented in corresponding sections of Halfried®kubos Technical Specification.

6. Product Form

Drums for 200 liters with filler necks of 2” and also 1 to 20 liter plastic cans.

7. Storage Conditions

Halfried®kubos in container should be kept on shelves, pallets and in decks in roofed storage rooms, under sheds or on planned grounds protected from direct sun rays and atmospheric fallout. The container with Halfried®kubos is placed with closures up.

8. Useful Life

Halfried®kubos shelf life is 12 months from production date.